IT INFRASTRUCTURE: HARDWARE DAN SOFTWARE

1. COMPUTER HARDWARE
The computer has hardware which integrated each other and work together to support information system in organization. Computer has infrastructure composed of five major components. Those components must be coordinated with each other. The five major are:
• Computer hardware, computer hardware consists of technology for computer processing data storage input and output. This component includes large mainframe, servers, desktop and laptop computer etc.
• Computers software, includes both system software and application software. System software manages the resources and activities of the computer. Application software applies the computer to a specific task for an end user
• Data management technology, data management software organizes, manages, processes business data
• Networking and telecommunications technology, includes providing data, voice, and video connectivity to employees, costumers and suppliers.
• Technology services, business need the people to operate the other infrastructures
Computers come in an array of size wit differing capabilities for processing information from the smallest handheld devices to the largest mainframes and supercomputers. Types of computer are:
• Personal computer, computer which use in the small business with sufficient features.
• Workstation, computer for doing advanced design and engineering work requiring powerful graphics or computational capabilities.
• Mainframe, large capacity computer, high-performance computer that can process large amounts of data very rapidly
• Super computer, specially designed and more sophisticated computer that is use for task requiring extremely rapid and complex calculations with thousand variables

2. Computer software
In order to use computer hardware we need software. System software and application software are interrelated and can be thought of as a set of nested boxes, each of which must interact closely with the other boxes surrounding it. The system software that manages and controls the computer’s activities is called the operating system. Such windows, unix, linux and macintosh operating system.

Managers and information system specialist need to pay special attention to hardware capacity planning and scalability to ensure that the firm has enough computing power for its current and future needs. The total cost of ownership of the organization’s technology assets includes not only the original cost of computer hardware and software but also cost for hardware and software upgrades, maintenance, technical support and training, including the cost of managing and maintaining mobile devices.